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Cover of Review of Foamed Bitumen Stabilisation Mix Design Methods
Review of Foamed Bitumen Stabilisation Mix Design Methods
  • Publication no: AP-T178-11
  • ISBN: 978-1-921709-77-7
  • Published: 22 June 2011

Austroads Project No: TT1358: Review of Structural Design Procedures for Foamed Bitumen Pavements proposed a method for the thickness design of foamed bitumen to be adopted in principle by Austroads. Foamed bitumen is a mixture of hot bitumen, water and air. For instance, in Queensland typical quantities are 97.5% bitumen, 2% water and 0.5% foaming agent. The foaming agent is added to improve the quality of the foam. When hot bitumen (160 to 200 °C) comes in contact with cold water (15 to 25 °C) the mixture expands to greater than 10 times its original volume and forms a fine mist or foam.

  • 1. INTRODUCTION
    • 1.1. General
    • 1.2. Selected Mix Design Methods
      • 1.2.1. South African Methods
      • 1.2.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads Method
      • 1.2.3. Austroads Pavement Technology Series
    • 1.3. Purpose for Characterisation of Materials
  • 2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
    • 2.1. Bitumen Foaming Properties
      • 2.1.1. Austroads
      • 2.1.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 2.1.3. Asphalt Academy
    • 2.2. Aggregate Properties
      • 2.2.1. Particle Size Distribution
      • 2.2.2. Aggregate Plasticity
      • 2.2.3. Secondary Binders
      • 2.2.4. Aggregate Angularity
      • 2.2.5. Aggregate Durability
  • 3. MIX DESIGN
    • 3.1. Aggregate Preparation
      • 3.1.1. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.1.2. CSIR Transportek and Asphalt Academy
    • 3.2. Bitumen Content for Trial Mixes
      • 3.2.1. Austroads
      • 3.2.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.2.3. Asphalt Academy
    • 3.3. Secondary Binder Contents
    • 3.4. Moisture Content for Trial Mixes
      • 3.4.1. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.4.2. Asphalt Academy
    • 3.5. Mixing and Compaction
      • 3.5.1. Austroads
      • 3.5.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.5.3. Asphalt Academy
    • 3.6. Laboratory Curing Conditions
      • 3.6.1. Austroads
      • 3.6.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.6.3. Asphalt Academy
    • 3.7. Design Binder Content Determination
      • 3.7.1. Austroads
      • 3.7.2. Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
      • 3.7.3. Asphalt Academy
  • 4. DISCUSSION
    • 4.1. Foaming Water Content
    • 4.2. Materials Suitable for Foamed Bitumen Stabilisation
      • 4.2.1. Varying Requirements with Traffic Loading
      • 4.2.2. Aggregate Grading
      • 4.2.3. Plasticity
      • 4.2.4. Aggregate Durability
      • 4.2.5. Aggregate Angularity
    • 4.3. Quantity and Type of Secondary Binder
    • 4.4. Test Sample Compaction
    • 4.5. Sample Curing
    • 4.6. Strength/Stiffness Characterisation Tests
  • 5. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • APPENDIX A PROPOSED REVISION TO AUSTROADS GUIDE TO PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGY
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