Pavement

Cover of Carbon and Asphalt: A Review of Environmental Factors Including Emission Calculators
Carbon and Asphalt: A Review of Environmental Factors Including Emission Calculators
  • Publication no: AP-R416-12
  • ISBN: 978-1-921991-47-9
  • Published: 10 October 2012

This report provides input to the Austroads project Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt Pavements. It involves a literature review of existing CO2-e emission calculators applicable to road construction (using asphalt products) with a view to recommending a system for inclusion into the Austroads warm mix asphalt evaluation protocol. This assists in facilitating a more consistent approach to calculating carbon footprints by the asphalt industry. It was concluded that, in the absence of sufficient Australian-based emissions factors, it was premature to recommend a carbon calculation system for inclusion in the Austroads Warm Mix Asphalt Evaluation Protocol. However, the recent work of the Transport Authorities Greenhouse Group (TAGG) in coordinating the development of a greenhouse workbook and calculator, and the recommendation that it be adopted as a national standard, means that any further work would need to be in line with this recommendation, i.e. there would be little point in evaluating the calculators reviewed to date using local data.

  • 1. INTRODUCTION
    • 1.1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Asphalt Industry
    • 1.2. Austroads Project TT1454
  • 2. CARBON EMISSIONS AND ASPHALT PAVEMENTS
    • 2.1. Environmental Considerations for the Asphalt Industry
      • 2.1.1. Trends in Carbon Emissions
      • 2.1.2. Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
      • 2.1.3. Resource Use and Recycling
      • 2.1.4. Scarcity and Non-renewable Materials
      • 2.1.5. Low Energy Materials
      • 2.1.6. Life-cycle Performance
    • 2.2. Research Questions and Findings of Carbon in Asphalt Studies
      • 2.2.1. Local Research Context (ARRB Group and Austroads)
      • 2.2.2. Summary of Previous Research Findings (WMA Compared with HMA)
    • 2.3. Development of an Environmental Protocol for Warm Mix Asphalt
  • 3. REVIEW OF CO2 EMISSIONS CALCULATORS
    • 3.1. Overview of Greenhouse Gas Calculation Tools
    • 3.2. UK Tools
      • 3.2.1. CO2 Emissions Estimator Tool
      • 3.2.2. Asphalt Pavement Embodied Carbon Tool (asPECT)
      • 3.2.3. Environmental Sustainability of Recycled and Secondary Aggregates (ESRSA) Tool
    • 3.3. USA Tool
      • 3.3.1. Greenhouse Gas Calculator (GHGC)
    • 3.4. International Road Federation Greenhouse Gas Calculator
    • 3.5. Australian Tools
      • 3.5.1. Sustainable Aggregates SA, CO2 Emissions Estimator
      • 3.5.2. Current Work by Australian Road and Transport Agencies
      • 3.5.3. Revision of Draft WMA Evaluation Protocol
  • 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS