Pavement
- Publication no: AP-R360-10
- ISBN: 978-1-921709-28-9
- Published: 9 July 2010
- PDF (free) Download
Over the last decade a considerable amount of research effort has been focussed on the development of a repeated load triaxial (RLT) test procedure to assist practitioners in the use of natural and marginal unbound base/subbase materials in road pavements. A significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of the RLT test has been the lack of data linking the results of the laboratory test to field performance. In order to address this issue, Austroads established a research project, TT1163, titled Better Basis for Bases: Optimum Use of Granular Materials . Between February and May 2007 four unbound granular based test pavements were constructed at the Accelerated Loading Facility (ALF) in Dandenong, Melbourne. Each pavement comprised an unbound granular base of nominal 350 mm thickness, overlying a 150 mm thick cement treated subbase. Over 1 million cycles of ALF loading were applied to the test sections to assess their rutting performance. The materials varied markedly in their field performance. This report details the deformations of the four bases observed under accelerated loading and their performance as predicted by two Australian and one New Zealand RLT testing procedures.
- AP-R360/10 Assessment of Rut Resistance of Granular Bases
- Austroads profile
- CONTENTS
- TABLES
- FIGURES
- SUMMARY
- 1. INTRODUCTION
- 2. PROJECT BACKGROUND
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Behaviour of Granular Materials under Rolling Wheel Loads
- 2.3. Effect of Principal Stress Reorientation
- 2.4. Previous Research Comparing Deformation Measured in the Repeated Load Test with Rutting under Rolling Wheel Loads
- 2.5. Modified Repeat Load Test to Simulate a Rolling Wheel Load
- 2.6. Performance Tests for Asphalt Rut Resistance
- 3. ACCELERATED LOADING FACILITY
- 3.1. Description of ALF
- 4. MATERIAL SELECTION AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
- 4.1. Material Selection
- 4.2. Layout of Test Pavements
- 4.3. Pavement Design
- 5. ACCELERATED LOADING TEST PROGRAM
- 5.1. Pavement Bedding-in
- 5.2. Cycles of Loading
- 6. PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT DURING ACCELERATED LOADING
- 6.1. Pavement Deflection
- 6.2. Surface Deformation
- 6.3. Variation in Deformation with Depth
- 6.4. Base Field Density and Moisture
- 6.5. Surface Texture Depth
- 6.6. Visual Inspection of Pavement Cross-section
- 7. PERFORMANCE UNDER ACCELERATED LOADING
- 7.1. Permanent Deformation
- 7.2. Surface Deflections
- 7.3. Density and Moisture
- 7.4. Dynamic Cone Penetration
- 7.5. Particle Size Distribution, Plasticity and Flakiness Index
- 7.6. Surface Texture Data
- 7.7. Visual Inspection of Pavement Cross-sections
- 8. LABORATORY TESTING OF GRANULAR BASES
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Austroads Repeated Load Triaxial Test Method
- 8.3. DTEI Repeated Load Triaxial Test Method
- 8.4. Transit New Zealand Repeated Load Triaxial Test Method
- 8.5. Static Triaxial Shear Strength
- 8.6. Wheel Tracking Testing
- 8.7. Austroads RLT Method with Radial Strain Measurements
- 8.8. Multiple Stress Path RLT Method
- 9. FUTURE DIRECTION
- 10. CONCLUSIONS
- 11. RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIX A FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER DATA
- APPENDIX B SURFACE DEFORMATION DATA
- APPENDIX C MULTI-DEPTH DEFLECTION DATA
- APPENDIX D FIELD DENSITY AND MOISTURE DATA
- APPENDIX E PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION DATA
- APPENDIX F SAND PATCH TEXTURE DEPTH DATA
- APPENDIX G RLT RESULTS USING AUSTROADS METHOD
- G.1 Permanent Deformation
- G.2 Resilient Modulus
- APPENDIX H RLT RESULTS USING DTEI METHOD
- APPENDIX I RLT RESULTS USING TRANSIT NEW ZEALAND METHOD
- APPENDIX J STATIC SHEAR STRENGTH DATA
- APPENDIX K WHEEL TRACKING RESULTS
- APPENDIX L RLT RESULTS USING AUSTROADS METHOD WITH RADIAL STRAINS
- L.1 Permanent Deformation
- L.2 Resilient Modulus
- INFORMATION RETRIEVAL