Freight
- Publication no: AP-R483-15
- ISBN: 978-1-925294-17-0
- Published: 30 March 2015
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This report details a review undertaken to identify potential issues that are limiting the uptake of the PBS (Performance Based Standards) Level 3 and 4 vehicles and provide recommendations for improving the standards to increase the use of safer and more productive freight vehicles.
The review recommends retaining the existing national PBS framework and all performance standards, but argues that for some measures a re-calibration of test conditions and/or performance limits is required to meet the review objectives. The review also recommends using the PBS framework to facilitate access to Class 3 freight vehicles that fall outside the boundaries of the four PBS network access levels.
There is strong incentive to increase the use of PBS vehicles. Austroads recently found that high productivity vehicles cause 63% fewer major accidents than their conventional counterparts and provide indirect community freight exposure benefits (less vehicle kilometres travelled, fewer trucks, reduced noise, emissions and accidents) conservatively estimated to be worth $12.6 billion in direct and indirect economic benefits by 2030.
- Summary
- Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Purpose
- 1.2. Scope
- 1.3. Consultation
- 2. Preliminary Research and Consultation
- 2.1. PBS foundations
- 2.1.1. Establishment and agreement of standards
- 2.1.2. Assessment of existing heavy vehicle fleet
- 2.1.3. Establishment of legislation, compliance and enforcement
- 2.2. Current regulatory framework
- 2.3. Alternative access schemes
- 2.4. PBS assessments
- 2.4.1. PBS tyre issues
- 3. Validation of Numerical Assessment Methods
- 3.1. Field testing
- 3.1.1. Test vehicle
- 3.1.2. Instrumentation
- 3.1.3. Test track
- 3.1.4. Test manoeuvres
- 3.2. Comparison of simulation and field testing
- 3.2.1. Single lane change
- 3.2.2. Pulse input test
- 3.3. Comparability of modelling systems
- 3.3.1. Relative performance results
- 3.3.2. UM Truck and Trailer
- 3.3.3. Altair MotionSolve
- 4. Performance Assessment of the Existing Fleet
- 4.1. Fleet Vehicles
- 4.2. Input data
- 4.2.1. Tyres
- 4.2.2. Suspensions
- 4.2.3. Driveline Characteristics
- 4.3. Fleet assessment and analysis
- 4.3.1. Low Speed Manoeuvring
- 4.3.2. High Speed Dynamics
- 4.3.3. Longitudinal Performance
- 4.3.4. Infrastructure
- 4.3.5. Assessing Class 3 vehicles using the PBS framework
- 5. Conclusions and Recommendations
- 5.1. Conclusions
- 5.2. Recommendations
- 5.2.1. Tyre input data
- 5.2.2. Vehicle Assessments
- 5.2.3. Low speed manoeuvring
- 5.2.4. High speed dynamics
- 5.2.5. Longitudinal performance
- 5.2.6. Infrastructure protection
- 5.2.7. Utilise the PBS scheme to facilitate access for Class 3 freight vehicles
- References
- Appendix A Alternative Vehicle Combinations
- A.1 Queensland
- A.2 Western Australia
- A.2.1 For Prime Mover and Trailer
- A.2.2 For Truck and Trailer
- Appendix B Proposed PBS Tyre Categories
- Appendix C Vehicle Instrumentation
- Appendix D Vehicle Details
- Appendix E Layout Drawing with Sensor Location
- Appendix F Existing Fleet Vehicles
- F.1 Representation of dimensions (AB-triple example)
- F.2 A-double 12s3-2s3
- F.3 B-triple 12s3s3s3
- F.4 AB-triple 12s3-3s3s3
- F.5 Quad-Axle A-double 12s4-3s4
- F.6 A-triple 12s3-2s3-2s3
- F.7 BAB-quad 13s3s302s3s3
- F.8 AAB-quad 13s3-3s3-3s3s3
- F.9 BAA-quad 13s3s3-3s3-3s3
- F.10 Rigid +3 13-3s3-3s3-3s3
- F.11 Quad-Axle A-triple 13s4-3s4-3s4
- Appendix G Tyre Performance Results
- G.1 Steer Tyre 1
- G.2 Steer Tyre 2
- G.3 Drive Tyre 1
- G.4 Drive Tyre 2
- G.5 Trailer Tyre 1
- G.6 Trailer Tyre 2